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Sinagoga i Zagreb

dc.contributorBachrach Krištofić, Sanja
dc.contributorBeusan, Mario
dc.contributorDuliba, Dario
dc.contributorFröhlich, Albert
dc.contributorMatešić, Sanja
dc.contributorParavić, Janko
dc.contributorLoon, John van
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-18T20:25:42Z
dc.date.available2023-04-18T20:25:42Z
dc.date.issued2001
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.jevrejskadigitalnabiblioteka.rs/handle/123456789/2399
dc.description.abstractThe Jewish Community in Zagreb was experiencing a process of social and cultural growth when it started building its Synagogue. The Synagogue was consecrated in 1867, five years before the Jews in Croatia achieved full civil equality. As one of the first really outstanding buildings in the Lower Town, it clearly expressed the identity of the Jewish Community of Zagreb and made an important contribution to the development of the new city centre in the Lower Town. All the Zagreb chroniclers recorded the Synagogue as a significant landmark. The visit of the Austro-Hungarian Emperor Francis Joseph I to the Synagogue carried an important ideological message. While in Zagreb, the Emperor also visited the Cathedral and the Orthodox and Lutheran churches. The vital and creative energy of European Jewry was very apparent in those liberal times and Croatian Jews followed suit. In spite of internal ideological controversies among the Jews of Zagreb at the turn of the century, the Synagogue remained their spiritual and symbolic fulcrum. The Synagogue was torn down between the autumn of 1941 and late spring of 1942 with primitive tools and almost bare hands. It is a historical symbol of the tragedy of the Jews in Zagreb and Croatia. The Holocaust started for them with the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia and the Ustasha government on the 10th of April 1941. Only one-fifth of the Jewish population in Zagreb survived the greatest Jewish tragedy. The survivors from the death camps and returnees from all kinds of exile met again on the rubble of Zagreb after May 1945. Patiently and with perseverance they gradually renewed the life of the small community, made even smaller by the Aliyah to the newly founded State of Israel. In the beginning, everything revolved around the healing of wounds and spiritual and material care. In the atmosphere of secularization pervading the society of that time, the Jews expressed their identity by loyalty to traditions and customs. As always, they turned to culture and exhibited the remnants of their heritage. In the spirit of the Union of Jewish Communities from before the war and the new experience of the Shoah, there developed a new social cohesion that enabled the Jews to survive in spite of challenges and pressures from all sides. In the nineties, the Jews experienced major changes connected with political and social upheavals in their homeland. The Jewish Community in Zagreb became the rallying point of Jewry for the Republic of Croatia. Today, it is firmly embedded in the present and looks self-consciously to the future. In the spirit of the Jewish tradition, it keeps alive the remembrance of its history and, particularly, of the victims of the Holocaust. We want to build a house on the spot where the Synagogue has been missing for sixty years but continues to exist in our hearts and minds. Here, we will bring together the past, the present and the future. With this exhibition, we announce the Jewish Cultural Centre and Synagogue at 7, Praška Street. When the Jewish Religious Community in Zagreb informed 1864 the city authorities that it intended to build a temple, it received the following answer: “Propose a plan in accordance with the dignity of the Temple and this capital and of the site where it will be built”. In the twenty-first century, the Jewish Community in Zagreb will endeavour to reaffirm on this site the relations between Jews and the City of Zagreb in accordance with this message, the symbol of which was the Synagogue until 1941.sr
dc.description.abstractJevrejska opština u Zagrebu doživljavala je proces društvenog i kulturnog rasta kada je počela da gradi svoju sinagogu. Sinagoga je osvećena 1867. godine, pet godina pre nego što su Jevreji u Hrvatskoj ostvarili punu građansku ravnopravnost. Kao jedna od prvih zaista istaknutih građevina u Donjem gradu, jasno je izrazila identitet Jevrejske opštine Zagreb i dala značajan doprinos razvoju novog gradskog centra u Donjem gradu. Svi zagrebački hroničari beleže Sinagogu kao značajno obeležje. Poseta austrougarskog cara Franje Josifa I Sinagogi nosila je važnu ideološku poruku. Tokom boravka u Zagrebu, car je posetio i Sabornu crkvu i pravoslavnu i luteransku crkvu. Vitalna i kreativna energija evropskog jevrejstva bila je vrlo očigledna u tim liberalnim vremenima i hrvatski Jevreji su sledili njihov primer. Uprkos unutrašnjim ideološkim kontroverzama među zagrebačkim Jevrejima na prelazu vekova, sinagoga je ostala njihova duhovna i simbolička tačka oslonca. Sinagoga je srušena od jeseni 1941. do kasnog proleća 1942. primitivnim oruđem i gotovo golim rukama. To je istorijski simbol tragedije Jevreja u Zagrebu i Hrvatskoj. Holokaust je za njih započeo uspostavom NDH i ustaške vlasti 10. aprila 1941. Samo jedna petina jevrejskog stanovništva u Zagrebu preživjela je najveću jevrejsku tragediju. Preživjeli iz logora smrti i povratnici iz svih vrsta izgnanstva ponovo su se sreli na ruševinama Zagreba nakon maja 1945. Strpljivo i uporno su postepeno obnavljali život male zajednice, koju je Alija u novoosnovanu državu Izrael učinila još manjom. U početku se sve vrtilo oko zarastanja rana i duhovne i materijalne nege. U atmosferi sekularizacije koja je prožimala tadašnje društvo, Jevreji su svoj identitet iskazivali lojalnošću tradiciji i običajima. Kao i uvek, okrenuli su se kulturi i izložili ostatke svog nasleđa. U duhu saveza jevrejskih opština od pre rata i novog iskustva Šoa, došlo je do nove društvene kohezije koja je Jevrejima omogućila da prežive uprkos izazovima i pritiscima sa svih strana. Devedesetih godina, Jevreji su doživeli velike promene povezane sa političkim i društvenim prevratima u njihovoj domovini. Jevrejska opština u Zagrebu postala je mesto okupljanja jevrejstva za Republiku Hrvatsku. Danas je čvrsto usađena u sadašnjost i samosvesno gleda u budućnost. U duhu jevrejske tradicije održava sećanje na svoju istoriju, a posebno na žrtve Holokausta. Želimo da izgradimo kuću na mestu gde je sinagoga ne postoji već šezdeset godina, ali nastavlja da postoji u našim srcima i mislima. Ovde ćemo spojiti prošlost, sadašnjost i budućnost. Ovom izložbom najavljujemo Jevrejski kulturni centar i sinagogu u Praškoj ulici broj 7. Kada je Jevrejska verska zajednica u Zagrebu 1864. godine obavestila gradske vlasti da namerava da podigne hram, dobila je sledeći odgovor: „Predložite plan u skladu sa dostojanstvom Hrama i ove prestonice i mesta na kome će se graditi”. U dvadeset prvom veku, Jevrejska zajednica u Zagrebu nastojaće da na ovom mestu reafirmiše odnose Jevreja i Grada Zagreba u skladu sa ovom porukom, čiji je simbol do 1941. godine bila Sinagoga.sr
dc.language.isoensr
dc.publisherZagreb : Jewish communitysr
dc.rightsopenAccesssr
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectSinagoga - Zagrebsr
dc.subjectSynagogue - Zagrebsr
dc.titleThe Sinagogue and Zagrebsr
dc.titleSinagoga i Zagrebsr
dc.typebooksr
dc.rights.licenseBY-NC-NDsr
dc.identifier.fulltexthttp://jevrejskadigitalnabiblioteka.rs/bitstream/id/7485/SinagogueAndZagrebOCR.pdf
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionsr
dc.citation.spage1
dc.citation.epage48
dc.description.otherNote to the English edition of the exhibition catalogue "The Synagogue and Zagreb": "After the exhibition, it was decided to publish the catalogue in English, and we now present it to the international and Jewish public, to make the history of the old Synagogue and its site part of the preparations for the building of the Jewish Cultural Centre and Synagogue. This is why the English edition includes the story of the construction of the Synagogue in the nineteenth century and its history up to its demolition in 1941. This publication will, we hope, arouse the interest of individuals and institutions and their readiness to provide moral and material support for this undertaking. We also hope that it will come useful to the designers of the new building, which should symbolize both the tragedy and history and reflect our wish to confirm, on this site and in the twenty-first century, the vitality of the Jewish community in Zagreb and Croatia" (Dr Ognjen Kraus, President of the Jewish Community).sr
dc.identifier.rcubhttps://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_jdb_2399


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