Osnove jevrejske sefardske muzičke tradicije u Bosni i Hercegovini i "World Music" scena

Abstract

Jevrejska tradicija se ispolјava kroz različite muzičke forme, što je predmet proučavanja etnomuzikologije, ali je istovremeno i vezana za polјe kojim se bavi etnologija, budući da se odnosi na kulturu i njeno prenošenje. U tom smislu, ovaj rad se bavi kako svetovnim tako i duhovnim formama jevrejske sefardske muzike u Bosni i Hercegovini. Od dolaska Jevreja Sefarda na ovaj prostor u užem, odnosno Balkanskog poluostrva u širem smislu, krajem XV i početkom XVI veka, muzika njihove zajednice je oblikovana pod uticajem muzika Drugih, ali i obratno. Lokalno podneblјe, gradski oblici, orijentalna melodika, arapsko-špansko-jevrejski oblici, kao i kultura živlјenja, samo su neki od uticaja u tradicionalnoj (narodnoj) muzici sefardskih Jevreja na pomenutom prostoru. Kroz analizu navedenih oblika i stvaralaštva Flori Jagode, grupe Ladino i drugih izvođača novijeg datuma, smatramo da se može uspostaviti nit koja pokazuje kontinuitet muzičkih formi koje su našle svoje mesto i na savremenoj "World Music" sceni.

The Jewish tradition is manifested through various musical forms, which is the subject of the study of ethnomusicology, but at the same time, it is related to the field that ethnology deals with, since it refers to culture and its transmission. In that sense, this paper will deal with both secular and spiritual forms of Jewish Sephardic music in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Since the arrival of the Sephardic Jews in this area in the narrower sense or the Balkan Peninsula in the broadest sense at the end of the 15th and the beginning of the 16th century, the music of their community has been shaped by the music of Others, and vice versa. The local province, urban forms, oriental melodies, Arabic-Spanish-Jewish forms, as well as the culture of living, are just some of the influences in the traditional (folk) music of Sephardic Jews in the mentioned area (Bosnia-Herzegovina). We believe a thread can be established that shows the continuity of musical forms that have found their place on the World Music scene, through the analysis of the mentioned forms and creativity of Flory Jagoda, Ladino ensemble, and other performers of recent date.