Kapo - titula nemogućnosti postojanјa između "mi" i "oni"

Abstract

U radu se ispituje način oblikovanja figure kapoa u srpskoj književnosti proučavanjem drame "Nebeski odred" Đorđa Lebovića i Aleksandra Obrenovića i romana "Kapo" Aleksandra Tišme. Analizom psihološke motivacije junaka i sagledavanjem njihovih postupaka dolazi do uočavanja sličnosti u načinu na koji je ličnost bila izmenjena životom u logoru. Proces dehumanizacije, karakterističan za logor, u njihovim slučajevima nije imao potpuni uspeh. Delimična očuvanost identiteta ove junake izdvaja u odnosu na druge pripadnike logora. Ovi junaci bivaju dvostruko izdvojeni od sredine kojoj pripadaju - svojim položajem, ali i doživlјajem sebe u sredini u kojoj su se našli. Na pola puta između pozicije nasilnika i pozicije žrtve, kapo postaje figura čije je postojanje nemoguće kroz pripadanje nekom, već samo u suprotnosti sa svima.

The paper examines the way of shaping the figure of the kapo in Serbian literature by interpreting the drama "Heavenly squad" by George Lebović and Aleksandar Obrenović and the novel "Kapo" by Aleksandar Tišma. The analysis of the psychological motivation of the heroes and the observation of their actions leads to the observation of similarities in the way in which their personality was changed by life in the camp. The process of dehumanization, characteristic of the camp, did not achieve complete success in their cases. The partial preservation of the identity of these characters separates them from the other members of the camp. These characters are doubly separated from the environment to which they belong - by their position, but also by their experience of themselves in the environment in which they find themselves. Halfway between the position of the perpetrator and the position of the victim, the kapo becomes a figure whose existence is impossible through belonging to someone, but only in opposition to everyone.