Arhivska građa o Jevrejima u Srbiji

Abstract

Tema ovog vrednog rada vrhovnog rabina dr Isaka Alkalaja je arhivska građa koja je postojala u Državnoj arhivi osnovanoj još 1900. godine. U Arhivu su bili čuvani mnogi važni dokumenti koji su, na žalost, za vreme Prvog svetskog rata uništeni, zaplenjeni i zauvek propali. Među tim dokumentima nalazio se i veliki broj onih koji su se neposredno ili posredno odnosili na Jevreje. Ipak, deo ovih dokumenata spasen je od zaborava jer su ih pojedini naučnici koji su prikupljali građu o prošlosti Jevreja sačuvali u svojim zabeleška a delom i štampali. Naročito je značajan rad poznatog etnologa i folkloriste, univerzitetskog profesora dr Tihomira R. Đorđevića, koji je obradio i objavio najveći deo te predratne Arhive u svojim kulturnim i istorijskim spisima i raspravama. U prvom delu rada dr Alkalaj je prikazao povoljne istorijske okolnosti koje su se odnosile na Jevreje za vreme vladavine kneza Miloša. Istakao je i nekoliko poznatih i zaslužnih porodica i članova jevrejske zajednice za koje je nalazio podatke u Državnoj arhivi. Na prvom mestu bili su to David Hajim i njegovi sinovi koji su bili u bliskim prijateljskim i poslovnim vezama sa knezom Milošem, zatim porodice Halfon, Suzin, Ruso, Ozer, Farhi i tadašnji rabin Avram Isak Pardo. U drugom delu rada dr Alkalaj je opisao građu koju je u Arhivu našao posle rata. Građa je bila uredno sakupljena i obeležena pod naslovom "Jevreji". Od 80 dokumenata izabrao je one koji su bili najkarakterističniji i najvažniji za istoriju i život srpskih Jevreja u 19. veku. Građu je rasporedio po hronološkom redu, neke dokumente izneo je u celosti a neke samo u izvodu.

The topic of this valuable work of the chief rabbi Dr Isak Alkalaj is the archival material that existed in the State Archives founded in 1900. Many important documents were kept in the Archive, which, unfortunately, were destroyed and confiscated during the First World War. Among those documents were a large number of those who directly or indirectly referred to Jews. However, some of these documents were saved from oblivion because some scholars who collected material on the past of the Jews kept them in their notes and partly printed them. The work of the well-known ethnologist and folklorist, university professor Dr Tihomir R. Đorđević, who processed and published most of the pre-war Archive in his cultural and historical writings and discussions, is especially significant. In the first part of the paper, Dr Alkalaj presented the favourable historical circumstances that referred to the Jews during the reign of Prince Miloš. He also pointed out several well-known and deserving families and members of the Jewish community for which he found data in the State Archives. In the first place, it was David Hajim and his sons who were in close friendly and business relations with Prince Miloš, then the families Halfon, Suzin, Ruso, Ozer, Farhi and the then rabbi Avram Isak Pardo. In the second part of the paper, Dr Alkalaj described the material he found in the Archives after the war. The material was orderly collected and marked under the title "Jews". From 80 documents, he chose the ones that were the most characteristic and most important for the history and life of Serbian Jews in the 19th century. He arranged the material in chronological order, he presented some documents in their entirety and some only in an excerpt.