O jevrejskim dečjim zabavištima

Abstract

Malobrojna jevrejska zajednica u Jugoslaviji koja je preživela II svetski rat i, nakon njega i grupna iseljenja u Izrael, u želji da se održi jevrejski identitet, morala je misliti na buduće generacije. Kao važan zadatak postavilo se prenošenje kulturnog nasleđa na decu i omladinu. Kada su se jevrejske porodice vratile az Narodno-oslobodilačke borbe, iz zarobljeničkih i koncentracionih logora ili izbeglištva, dovele su sa sobom samo vrlo mali broj dece pa se na svako jevrejsko dete gledalo kao na neki lepi egzotični cvet. Ali uskoro su se stvorila nova ognjišta, deca su se rađala tako da je je u vreme izlaženja ovog broja “Jevrejskog almanaha” na celoj teritoriji Jugoslavije bilo oko 1.000 dece do 16 godina starosti. Većina ove dece živi u Beogradu, Zagrebu i Sarajevu. Članovi naše zajednice su se posle oslobođenja relativno brzo uključili u ekonomsku i društvenu izgradnju zemlje. Mlade majke u novoj Jugoslaviji su pored ravnopravnosti dobile i široku mogućnost za lični razvoj, pa su se i zbog materijalnih razloga sve više zapošljavale ili studirale. Nemajući kome da ostave decu, one su počele isticati potrebu osnivanja dečjeg zabavišta gde bi deca pod stručnim nadzorom korisno provodila vreme, a uz to dobivala tradicionalna jevrejska znanja koja majke često nisu bile u mogućnosti da im pruže jer ih ni same nisu imale u dovoljnoj meri.

The small Jewish community in Yugoslavia who survived World War II and, afterward, the group emigration to Israel, in order to maintain its Jewish identity, had to think of future generations. The transfer of cultural heritage to children and young people has been an important task. When Jewish families returned from the National Liberation Struggle, they brought with them only a very small number of children from prison and concentration camps or refugees, so that every Jewish child was looked upon as some beautiful exotic flower. But soon, new hearths were created, children were born, so that at the time of this issue of the Jewish Almanac, there were about 1,000 children under the age of 16 in the whole territory of Yugoslavia. Most of these children live in Belgrade, Zagreb, and Sarajevo. After the liberation, members of our community quickly became involved in the economic and social construction of the country. In addition to equality, young mothers in New Yugoslavia were also given wide opportunities for personal development, and for material reasons were increasingly employed or studied. With no one to leave their children, they began to emphasize the need to establish a children's kindergarten where children under professional supervision would usefully spend time, with traditional Jewish knowledge that mothers were often unable to provide because they did not have enough knowledge themselves.