Pojedini ekonomski aspekti organizovanog iseljavanja jugoslovenskih Jevreja u Izrael 1948-1949. godine

Abstract

Ovaj rad predstavlja pokušaj sagledavanja različitih ekonomskih aspekata prvog organizovanog iseljenja jugoslovenskih Jevreja u Izrael 1948-1949. godine. Pažnja je prvenstveno posvećena direktnoj finansijskoj pomoći koju je Savez jevrejskih veroispovednih opština upućivao iseljenicima i funkcionisanju „Računa repatriraca“ specijalno za potrebe iseljenja osmišljenog načina iznošenja sredstava iz zemlje. Rad je napisan na osnovu građe koja se čuva u Arhivu Jevrejskog istorijskog muzeja u Beogradu.

Organized immigration of the Yugoslav Jews in Israel at the end of 1948 and the beginning of 1949 raised various questions in the field of economy. Primarily, the problem was the fact that the immigrants could not bear even the basic expenses of immigration. Financial support which was given by the World Jewish Congress for the organized migration of the Yugoslav Jews to Israel was distributed by the Union of the Jewish communities in Yugoslavia. Answering the immigrants’ applications, the Union offered direct financial support in individual cases. On the other hand, just a few immigrants had greater means at their disposal, and it was the reason why the Union had opened a special “account for the repatriated to Israel”. The article discusses dominant economic aspects of the organized immigration of the Yugoslav Jews in Israel, primarily the ways in which the Union of Jewish communities in Yugoslavia directly financially supported immigration and the functioning of the “account for the repatriated to Israel”. Special attention was paid to the position of the individual immigrants in the context of the economic problems of immigration. The article is based on the sources kept in the Archives of the Jewish Historical Museum in Belgrade.